Country profile · Europe & Central Asia · High income
Estonia
Every figure below carries its global rank and its history — and a plain line on what the number means. Figures: World Bank, World Development Indicators (open data), retrieved 2026-07-27.
At a glance
Latest available year per indicator
GDP · 2025
$47.0 bn
103rd largest of 214
The size of the economy — everything produced in a year. The headline number every other figure argues with.
GDP growth · 2025
0.6%
187th fastest-growing of 214
How fast output is expanding, inflation-adjusted. Growth without jobs or wages is where the story usually hides.
GDP per capita · 2025
$34,418
51st highest of 214
Output per person — the rough proxy for average living standards, and an average that hides a lot.
Inflation (CPI) · 2025
4.8%
49th highest of 193
How fast consumer prices rise. What it understates for poorer households is half the story.
Unemployment · 2025
8.3%
53rd highest of 187
The share of the labour force seeking work without finding it — and it counts precarious work as 'employed'.
Population · 2025
1.4 mn
157th largest of 217
The denominator of everything per-capita.
Exports · 2025
78.4%
20th highest of 193
How much of the economy is sold to the world — openness, measured on the way out.
Imports · 2025
77.4%
28th highest of 193
How much of demand is met from abroad — openness, measured on the way in.
FDI, net inflows · 2025
-1.8%
192nd highest of 202
Long-term foreign investment into real assets — a confidence signal that is hard to fake and slow to reverse.
Total reserves · 2025
$2.4 bn
125th largest of 179
The central bank's war chest for defending the currency and paying for imports.
Current account · 2025
-0.1%
81st highest of 200
The broadest external balance — trade plus income and remittances. Persistent deficits must be financed.
Government debt
No recent data reported
What the state owes relative to the economy carrying it. Reported patchily — gaps here are common.
Exchange rate · 2025
0.9
186th highest of 213
How many units of local currency a dollar buys — a running vote of confidence.
Gini index · 2023
30.7
131st most unequal of 171
Inequality in one number: 0 is perfect equality, 100 is one person holding everything. Surveyed rarely.
Life expectancy · 2024
79.3
56th highest of 217
The single most honest summary of whether an economy serves its people.
Extreme poverty · 2023
0.3%
138th highest of 171
The share of people living below the international extreme-poverty line — the floor beneath every other economic statistic.
What these indicators can — and cannot — tell you: Economics, Explained
The long view
1990 – latest
Put Estonia next to any other economy — open the comparison desk — or see where it sits on the world heat map.